abstract：BACKGROUND:Pretreatment antimicrobial resistance has an important impact on the efficacy of many Helicobacter pylori treatment regimens. OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of H. pylori resistance to antimicrobials in the United States, to characterize risk factors associated with H. pylori antimicrobial resistance, ...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Meyer JM,Silliman NP,Wang W,Siepman NY,Sugg JE,Morris D,Zhang J,Bhattacharyya H,King EC,Hopkins RJ

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Initial findings from the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-Sodium Trial demonstrated that reduction of sodium intake in two different diets decreased blood pressure in participants with and without hypertension. OBJECTIVE:To determine effects on blood pressure of reduced sodium intake and the ...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Vollmer WM,Sacks FM,Ard J,Appel LJ,Bray GA,Simons-Morton DG,Conlin PR,Svetkey LP,Erlinger TP,Moore TJ,Karanja N,DASH-Sodium Trial Collaborative Research Group.

更新日期：2001-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Early defibrillation is the most important determinant of survival for victims of cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation. The automated external defibrillator (AED) was developed as the result of the American Heart Association's Public Access Defibrillation initiative. The goal of this initiative is to place A...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Takata TS,Page RL,Joglar JA

更新日期：2001-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The cause of cancer-associated venous limb gangrene is unknown but could paradoxically be due to warfarin. OBJECTIVE:To determine the pathogenesis of venous gangrene in a patient with cancer. DESIGN:Case report. SETTING:University hospital in Ontario, Canada. PATIENT:66-year-old woman with metastatic lun...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Warkentin TE

更新日期：2001-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Severe aplastic anemia is a life-threatening bone marrow failure disorder. High-dose cyclophosphamide therapy followed by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation cures the disease. However, it requires a suitable donor and carries the risk for graft-versus-host disease. A small pilot study demonstrated that h...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Brodsky RA,Sensenbrenner LL,Smith BD,Dorr D,Seaman PJ,Lee SM,Karp JE,Brodsky I,Jones RJ

更新日期：2001-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Discovery of the factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A mutations has greatly increased the percentage of patients in whom venous thrombosis can be attributed to hereditary thrombophilia. The first step in the diagnostic approach to all patients with venous thrombosis consists of a careful history and physical examin...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Bauer KA

更新日期：2001-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hypertension often persists after adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism. OBJECTIVE:To determine factors associated with resolution of hypertension after adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study. SETTING:Tertiary care referral center in Rochester, Minnesota. PATIENTS:Al...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Sawka AM,Young WF,Thompson GB,Grant CS,Farley DR,Leibson C,van Heerden JA

更新日期：2001-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Medical professional codes have long prohibited physician involvement in assisting a patient's suicide. However, despite ethical and legal prohibitions, calls for the liberalization of this ban have grown in recent years. The medical profession should articulate its views on the arguments for and against changes in pu...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Snyder L,Sulmasy DP,Ethics and Human Rights Committee, American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine.

更新日期：2001-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:When deep venous thrombosis is suspected, objective testing is required to confirm or refute the diagnosis. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether the combination of a low clinical suspicion and a normal D -dimer result rules out deep venous thrombosis. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:Three tertiary care...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Kearon C,Ginsberg JS,Douketis J,Crowther M,Brill-Edwards P,Weitz JI,Hirsh J

更新日期：2001-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Delirium is a common and distressing symptom that constitutes a significant challenge for end-of-life care. However, reliable techniques are available for the diagnosis of delirium, and effective therapies exist as well. This consensus paper uses a case-based format that begins with an overview of the definition and p...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Casarett DJ,Inouye SK,American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine End-of-Life Care Consensus Panel.

更新日期：2001-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Many constituents of fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk for coronary heart disease, but data on the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and risk for coronary heart disease are sparse. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the association of fruit and vegetable consumption with risk for coronary hear...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Joshipura KJ,Hu FB,Manson JE,Stampfer MJ,Rimm EB,Speizer FE,Colditz G,Ascherio A,Rosner B,Spiegelman D,Willett WC

更新日期：2001-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past quarter century, general internal medicine has emerged as a vital discipline. In the realm of patient care, it is the integrating discipline par excellence. Ironically, as general internists face the challenge of integrating advances of dizzying speed and complexity, and as their clinical practice beco...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Larson EB

更新日期：2001-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Physical symptoms account for more than half of all outpatient visits, but the specific causes and treatments of many common symptoms are frequently not well established. Because clinical research has primarily targeted specific diseases, symptoms-based research is still an emerging field of scientific inquiry, and op...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Kroenke K

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Medically unexplained functional or somatization symptoms are somatic disorders that are not adequately explained by physical disease processes. The way in which these disorders have been understood and managed has varied over the history of medicine. However, only in the past 100 years has the "mental" explanation pr...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Sharpe M,Carson A

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Lack of awareness of hypoglycemia is a major limiting factor in the management of type 1 diabetes. OBJECTIVE:To examine whether reduction in the number of episodes of hypoglycemia restores hypoglycemia awareness by influencing beta-adrenergic sensitivity in patients with type 1 diabetes. DESIGN:Controlled ...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Fritsche A,Stefan N,Häring H,Gerich J,Stumvoll M

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methylation of DNA is a biochemical modification that can influence gene expression and is involved in inactivating one of the two X chromosomes in women. Evidence that has accumulated in the past 10 years suggests that cancer cells usurp this physiologic mechanism and use it to their benefit by inactivating tumor sup...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Santini V,Kantarjian HM,Issa JP

更新日期：2001-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients with reduced left ventricular function and ventricular enlargement after myocardial infarction are at significantly greater risk for congestive heart failure and death. Nevertheless, recovery of ventricular function occurs in a significant proportion of patients after myocardial infarction, and mode...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Solomon SD,Glynn RJ,Greaves S,Ajani U,Rouleau JL,Menapace F,Arnold JM,Hennekens C,Pfeffer MA

更新日期：2001-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The following principles of appropriate antibiotic use for adults with acute pharyngitis apply to immunocompetent adults without complicated comorbid conditions, such as chronic lung or heart disease, and history of rheumatic fever. They do not apply during known outbreaks of group A streptococcus.1. Group A beta-hemo...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Cooper RJ,Hoffman JR,Bartlett JG,Besser RE,Gonzales R,Hickner JM,Sande MA,American Academy of Family Physicians.,American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine.,Centers for Disease Control.

更新日期：2001-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Sleep problems are common in pregnant women. This review examines sleep in normal pregnancy; discusses the physiologic bases for alterations in sleep, including hormonal and mechanical factors; and correlates these factors with changes in sleep of pregnant women, as determined subjectively by surveys and objectively b...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Santiago JR,Nolledo MS,Kinzler W,Santiago TV

更新日期：2001-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Persons with abdominal aortic aneurysm are more likely to have a higher prevalence of risk factors for and clinical manifestations of cardiovascular disease. It is unknown whether these factors explain the high mortality rate associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm. OBJECTIVE:To describe the risk for mort...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Newman AB,Arnold AM,Burke GL,O'Leary DH,Manolio TA

更新日期：2001-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with serious psychiatric disorders are frequently treated by primary care physicians, who may have difficulty keeping up with recent advances in psychiatry. This paper presents an updated synopsis for three major psychiatric illnesses: major depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Current definitions...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Glick ID,Suppes T,DeBattista C,Hu RJ,Marder S

更新日期：2001-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute bronchitis is an acute cough illness in otherwise healthy adults that usually lasts 1 to 3 weeks. This review describes the pathophysiology of the condition and provides a practical approach to the evaluation and treatment of adults with uncomplicated acute bronchitis. Practical points to be made are:1. Respirat...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Gonzales R,Sande MA

更新日期：2000-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The risk for and determinants of transmission of tuberculosis in hospitals caring for moderate numbers of patients with tuberculosis remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE:To study the association of tuberculin conversion among health care workers with ventilation of patient care areas. DESIGN:Cross-sectional observa...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Menzies D,Fanning A,Yuan L,FitzGerald JM

更新日期：2000-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In previous open-label noncomparative clinical trials, both fluconazole and itraconazole were effective therapy for progressive forms of coccidioidomycosis. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether fluconazole or itraconazole is superior for treatment of nonmeningeal progressive coccidioidal infections. DESIGN:Rando...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Galgiani JN,Catanzaro A,Cloud GA,Johnson RH,Williams PL,Mirels LF,Nassar F,Lutz JE,Stevens DA,Sharkey PK,Singh VR,Larsen RA,Delgado KL,Flanigan C,Rinaldi MG

更新日期：2000-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Access to information about clinical trials is important to researchers, health care professionals, and patients. Many have argued for the establishment of clinical trials registries, citing their substantial benefits. Although some registries do exist, it has been difficult to create comprehensive, easily accessible ...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： McCray AT

更新日期：2000-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although viral rebound follows cessation of suppressive antiretroviral therapy in chronic HIV infection, a viremic clinical syndrome has not been described. OBJECTIVE:To describe a retroviral syndrome associated with cessation of effective antiretroviral therapy in chronic HIV infection. DESIGN:Case report...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Colven R,Harrington RD,Spach DH,Cohen CJ,Hooton TM

更新日期：2000-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prediction of perioperative cardiac complications is important in the medical management of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. Several indices have been developed to aid prediction, but their performance has not been systematically compared. OBJECTIVE:To compare four existing methods for predicting per...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Gilbert K,Larocque BJ,Patrick LT

更新日期：2000-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma is increasing rapidly. Gastroesophageal reflux is a strong risk factor for this disease. The increase in incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma coincided with the introduction of medications that promote reflux by relaxing the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), such ...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Lagergren J,Bergström R,Adami HO,Nyrén O

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the efficacy of pharmacologic agents for the irritable bowel syndrome. DATA SOURCES:Electronic literature search of MEDLINE (1966 to 1999), EMBASE (1980 to 1999), PsycINFO (1967 to 1999), and the Cochrane controlled trials registry and a manual search of references from bibliographies of identified...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Jailwala J,Imperiale TF,Kroenke K

更新日期：2000-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Cost-utility analysis is a type of cost-effectiveness analysis in which health effects are measured in terms of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained. Such analyses have become popular for examining the health and economic consequences of health and medical interventions, and they have been recommended by ...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Neumann PJ,Stone PW,Chapman RH,Sandberg EA,Bell CM

更新日期：2000-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (statin) therapy has proven efficacy in reducing the rate of coronary and cerebrovascular events in patients 75 years of age or younger with a history of myocardial infarction. However, in patients older than 75 years of age, the efficacy and potentia...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Ganz DA,Kuntz KM,Jacobson GA,Avorn J

更新日期：2000-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Depressive disorders are persistent, recurring illnesses that cause great suffering for patients and their families. PURPOSE:To evaluate the benefits and adverse effects of newer pharmacotherapies and herbal treatments for depressive disorders in adults and adolescents. DATA SOURCES:English-language and no...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Williams JW Jr,Mulrow CD,Chiquette E,Noël PH,Aguilar C,Cornell J

更新日期：2000-05-02 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Optimal management of patients who are clinically suspected of having ventilator-associated pneumonia remains open to debate. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect on clinical outcome and antibiotic use of two strategies to diagnose ventilator-associated pneumonia and select initial treatment for this condition....

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Fagon JY,Chastre J,Wolff M,Gervais C,Parer-Aubas S,Stéphan F,Similowski T,Mercat A,Diehl JL,Sollet JP,Tenaillon A

更新日期：2000-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It has been reported that walnuts reduce serum cholesterol levels in normal young men. OBJECTIVE:To assess the acceptability of walnuts and their effects on serum lipid levels and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidizability in free-living hypercholesterolemic persons. DESIGN:Randomized, crossover feeding t...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Zambón D,Sabaté J,Muñoz S,Campero B,Casals E,Merlos M,Laguna JC,Ros E

更新日期：2000-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Comprehensive palliative care, as exemplified by many state-of-the-art hospice programs, is the standard of care for the dying. Although palliative care is very effective, physicians, nurses, patients, families, and loved ones regularly face clinically, ethically, legally, and morally challenging decisions throughout ...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Quill TE,Lee BC,Nunn S

更新日期：2000-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To review the literature on prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections. DATA SOURCES:The MEDLINE database, conference proceedings, and bibliographies of review articles and book chapters were searched for relevant articles. Primary authors were contacted directly if data were incomplete. STUDY SE...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Mermel LA

更新日期：2000-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Screening for hereditary hemochromatosis is traditionally done by using serum iron studies. However, mutation analysis of the hemochromatosis-associated HFE gene has recently become available. OBJECTIVE:To compare the cost-effectiveness of no screening with four screening strategies that incorporate HFE gen...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： El-Serag HB,Inadomi JM,Kowdley KV

更新日期：2000-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:HIV-infected patients with sustained immunologic improvement from antiretroviral therapy may be able to discontinue chemoprophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). OBJECTIVE:To compare PCP incidence in HIV-infected patients who had sustained CD4+ lymphocyte counts greater than 200 cells/mm3 a...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Yangco BG,Von Bargen JC,Moorman AC,Holmberg SD

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The sequelae during the first two decades after acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have been well studied, but the outcome thereafter is unknown. OBJECTIVE:To conduct an extended study of the natural history of HCV infection by using archived serum specimens originally collected between 1948 and 1954. ...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Seeff LB,Miller RN,Rabkin CS,Buskell-Bales Z,Straley-Eason KD,Smoak BL,Johnson LD,Lee SR,Kaplan EL

更新日期：2000-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of events in time is fundamental to biomedical research and public health surveillance. Clinicians have an intuitive appreciation for the relevance of time to health and disease, and patients invariably ask questions relating to time for which clinicians need answers. An appreciation of the picture of health...

journal_title：Annals of internal medicine

authors： Samet JM

更新日期：2000-01-04 00:00:00